Manufacture of hydrocarbons



UNITED 'STATESPATEINT OFFICE.

CHARLES WEIZMANN, OF KENSINGTON, AND DAV-ID ALLISTON LEGG, OF GLAPHAM COMMON, LONDON, ENGLAND.

No Drawing.

7 To all whom itjinay concern:

Be it knownthat we, Dr. CHARLES WEIZ- MANN, a sub'ect of the Kingpf Great Britain and reland, and residing at 41 'Campden House road, Kensington, Lon-' (1611, W.- 8, England, and DAVID ALLIsroN Lnoeya subject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, and residing at 15 Slsters avenue, North Side, Clapham Common, London,S. W.,1England, have invented certain I "new and useful Improvements Relating to the Manufacture of Hydrocarbons, .(for

which I have filed an application-in Great -Britain, March 7, 1916,) of which the fol lowing is a specification.

Thi invention relates to the production of hydrocarbons of the naphthene series. It is known that if Q-butene or 3-butene is treated with strong mineral acids by passing the gas through the liquid, it can be converted into polymers (chiefly triand d1- butenes). Underthese conditions, however,

conversion is usually incomplete, and is accompanied by a partial conversionqnto terpene like bodies.

erizing these butenes in the gaseous or liquid state by means of a catalyst.

Our invention further consists in liquefying butenes and treating with a catalyst ,such as anhydrous aluminium chlorid or ferric chlorid at suitable temperatures, varying with the pressure employed, so that polymerization is efiected into a mixture of hydrocarbons of the naphthene series.

' Our invention further consists in a combined process in which normal primary butyl alcohol is treated for the production of Q-butene or a mixture of 2-butene and 3-butene, and the product subsequently treated with a catalyst for the production of hydrocarbons of the naphthene series.

In carrying this invention into effect in one form, we prepare butenes from normal primary butyl alcohol as follows We pass the vapor of normal primary butyl alcohol at about atmospheric pressure through a heated tube preferably contaming aluminium oxid carried as a coating on small pieces of pumice, and heated to about 250 C. to 320 C. I The decomposition products are principally 2-butene and 3-butene in. the proportions of about 80% of the former to about 20% of the latter. If the temperature be raised, the proportion of 2-butei1e increases, and at from 360 C. to.

Our invention consists broadly in polym- Patented Nov. 1, 1921.

.Application filed. November 10, 1917. Serial No. 201,404.

390 C., the product is practically Q-butene alone andthe yield nearly theoretical. We then l quefy the Q-butene, and pass it into intimate contact with a catalyst such as anhydrous aluminium, chlorid or anhydrous 'ferric chlorid; for example, 28 gms. of bu- .l0 (l, and the reaction is complete in about two hours. We find that the yield is practically quantitative. The products obtained under the conditions indicated were:

8 grams of oil boiling at 260270 C., (under 17 mm. pressure).

13 grams of .oil boiling at 270-350 (1., (under 17 mm. pressure).

5 grams of oil boilingabove 850 (3.,

(under 17 mm. pressure).

In carrying the invention" into effect in' another form, where a pressure vessel is employed, the reaction maybe allowed to proceed at a higher temperature, say 15 0., the vessel being jacketed to maintain the temperature. The butene vapor may be passed on its production .into'the reaction tube or vessel, and care should be taken to keep the reaction under control by suitable cooling by the jacket.

Having now described our invention, what we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. The production of hydrocarbons of the naphthene series by polymerization of hutene in a liquid state by means of a catalyst.

2. The production of hydrocarbons of the naphthene series by liquefying the butenes, and treating them with a catalyst comprislng anhydrous aluminium chlorid.

3. The production of hydrocarbons of the naphthene series from butenes, by liquefying the latter by cooling, and causing the liquid to come intimately into contact with a catalyst comprising anhydrous aluminium chlorid while maintaining a butene liquefying temperature.

In testimony whereof we have signed our names to this specification.

CHARLES WEIZMANN. DAVID ALLISTON LEGG. 

